منابع مشابه
Virtual water trade and development in Africa
A debate has long existed on the relationships between human population, natural resources, and development. Recent research has expanded this debate to include the impacts of trade; specifically, virtual water trade, or the water footprint of traded commodities. We conduct an empirical analysis of the relationships between virtual water trade, population, and development in Africa. We find tha...
متن کاملSurvey of Virtual Water Trade and its Impact on Water Productivity in the Shoshtar MianAb irrigation and Drainage Network
Water is the first and foremost limiting factor for agricultural production, and undoubtedly, water crisis is considered as one of the international challenges for governments and human societies. Given that virtual water was first used as a way to tackle water scarcity in countries with limited water resources, so that countries with low water should import food from abundant countries...
متن کاملVirtual water trade: an assessment of water use efficiency in the international food trade
Amid an increasing water scarcity in many parts of the world, virtual water trade as both a policy instrument and practical means to balance the local, national and global water budget has received much attention in recent years. Building upon the knowledge of virtual water accounting in the literature, this study assesses the efficiency of water use embodied in the international food trade fro...
متن کاملVirtuous and Vicious Virtual Water Trade with Application to Italy
The current trade of agricultural goods, with connections involving all continents, entails for global exchanges of "virtual" water, i.e. water used in the production process of alimentary products, but not contained within. Each trade link translates into a corresponding virtual water trade, allowing quantification of import and export fluxes of virtual water. The assessment of the virtual wat...
متن کاملTemporal dynamics of blue and green virtual water trade networks
[1] Global food security increasingly relies on the trade of food commodities. Freshwater resources are essential to agricultural production and are thus embodied in the trade of food commodities, referred to as ‘‘virtual water trade.’’ Agricultural production predominantly relies on rainwater (i.e., ‘‘green water’’), though irrigation (i.e., ‘‘blue water’’) does play an important role. These d...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: GAIA - Ecological Perspectives for Science and Society
سال: 2002
ISSN: 0940-5550
DOI: 10.14512/gaia.11.4.7